![]() ![]() Unfortunately, a range of studies have found that these risk factors are not well controlled among university students, resulting in an increase of CVD risk in this population. In addition, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) tends to have a protective effect against CVDs ( Rankinen et al., 2007 Kim et al., 2014) and low levels of inflammation are associated with lower risks of future CVD events ( Ridker et al., 2017 Zhu et al., 2018 Arnold et al., 2021). Substantial evidence shows that a healthy lifestyle, including maintaining a favorable body mass, engaging in high levels of leisure-time physical activity (PA), and healthy eating habits, play an important role against the risk of MetS. ![]() This may be due to the accelerated aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors, which results in the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults, particularly in young women ( Ford et al., 2004 Regitz-Zagrosek et al., 2007 Hirode and Wong, 2020). Even though cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has reduced sharply over the last few decades in middle-aged and elderly people, the reduction rate is lower in young adults ( Yano, 2021). It is well acknowledged that the process of atherosclerosis begins in childhood, and with the accumulation of cardiometabolic risk factors, its clinical manifestations are often observed in late adulthood ( Andersen et al., 2004 Oliveira et al., 2010). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001).Ĭonclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. ![]() The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students. ![]()
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